C: grade school

c/grade-school/GNUmakefile

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+# The original 'makefile' has a flaw:
+# 1) it overrides CFLAGS
+# 2) it does not pass extra "FLAGS" to $(CC) that could come from environment
+#
+# It means :
+# - we need to edit 'makefile' for different builds (DEBUG, etc...), which is
+#   not practical at all.
+# - Also, it does not allow to run all tests without editing the test source
+#   code.
+#
+# To use this makefile (GNU make only):
+#   "make": build with all predefined tests (without editing test source code)
+#   "make debugall": build with all predefined tests and debug code
+#   "make mem": perform memcheck with all tests enabled
+#   "make unit": build standalone (unit) test
+#   "make debug": build standalone test with debugging code
+#
+# Original 'makefile' targets can be used (test, memcheck, clean, ...)
+
+.PHONY: default all mem unit debug std debugtest
+
+default: all
+
+# default is to build with all predefined tests
+BUILD := teststall
+
+include makefile
+
+all: CFLAGS+=-DTESTALL
+all: clean test
+
+debugall: CFLAGS+=-DDEBUG
+debugall: all
+
+debugtest: CFLAGS+=-DDEBUG
+debugtest: test
+
+mem: CFLAGS+=-DTESTALL
+mem: clean memcheck
+
+unit: CFLAGS+=-DUNIT_TEST
+unit: clean std
+
+debug: CFLAGS+=-DUNIT_TEST -DDEBUG
+debug: clean std
+
+debugtest: CFLAGS+=-DDEBUG
+debugtest: test
+
+std: src/*.c src/*.h
+	$(CC) $(CFLAGS) src/*.c -o test.out

c/grade-school/README.md

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+# Grade School
+
+Given students' names along with the grade that they are in, create a roster
+for the school.
+
+In the end, you should be able to:
+
+- Add a student's name to the roster for a grade
+  - "Add Jim to grade 2."
+  - "OK."
+- Get a list of all students enrolled in a grade
+  - "Which students are in grade 2?"
+  - "We've only got Jim just now."
+- Get a sorted list of all students in all grades.  Grades should sort
+  as 1, 2, 3, etc., and students within a grade should be sorted
+  alphabetically by name.
+  - "Who all is enrolled in school right now?"
+  - "Let me think. We have
+  Anna, Barb, and Charlie in grade 1,
+  Alex, Peter, and Zoe in grade 2
+  and Jim in grade 5.
+  So the answer is: Anna, Barb, Charlie, Alex, Peter, Zoe and Jim"
+
+Note that all our students only have one name.  (It's a small town, what
+do you want?)
+
+## For bonus points
+
+Did you get the tests passing and the code clean? If you want to, these
+are some additional things you could try:
+
+- If you're working in a language with mutable data structures and your
+  implementation allows outside code to mutate the school's internal DB
+  directly, see if you can prevent this. Feel free to introduce additional
+  tests.
+
+Then please share your thoughts in a comment on the submission. Did this
+experiment make the code better? Worse? Did you learn anything from it?
+
+## Getting Started
+
+Make sure you have read the "Guides" section of the
+[C track][c-track] on the Exercism site. This covers
+the basic information on setting up the development environment expected
+by the exercises.
+
+## Passing the Tests
+
+Get the first test compiling, linking and passing by following the [three
+rules of test-driven development][3-tdd-rules].
+
+The included makefile can be used to create and run the tests using the `test`
+task.
+
+    make test
+
+Create just the functions you need to satisfy any compiler errors and get the
+test to fail. Then write just enough code to get the test to pass. Once you've
+done that, move onto the next test.
+
+As you progress through the tests, take the time to refactor your
+implementation for readability and expressiveness and then go on to the next
+test.
+
+Try to use standard C99 facilities in preference to writing your own
+low-level algorithms or facilities by hand.
+
+## Source
+
+A pairing session with Phil Battos at gSchool [http://gschool.it](http://gschool.it)
+
+## Submitting Incomplete Solutions
+It's possible to submit an incomplete solution so you can see how others have completed the exercise.
+
+[c-track]: https://exercism.io/my/tracks/c
+[3-tdd-rules]: http://butunclebob.com/ArticleS.UncleBob.TheThreeRulesOfTdd

c/grade-school/makefile

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+### If you wish to use extra libraries (math.h for instance),
+### add their flags here (-lm in our case) in the "LIBS" variable.
+
+LIBS = -lm
+
+###
+CFLAGS  = -std=c99
+CFLAGS += -g
+CFLAGS += -Wall
+CFLAGS += -Wextra
+CFLAGS += -pedantic
+CFLAGS += -Werror
+CFLAGS += -Wmissing-declarations
+CFLAGS += -DUNITY_SUPPORT_64
+
+ASANFLAGS  = -fsanitize=address
+ASANFLAGS += -fno-common
+ASANFLAGS += -fno-omit-frame-pointer
+
+.PHONY: test
+test: tests.out
+	@./tests.out
+
+.PHONY: memcheck
+memcheck: test/*.c src/*.c src/*.h
+	@echo Compiling $@
+	@$(CC) $(ASANFLAGS) $(CFLAGS) src/*.c test/vendor/unity.c test/*.c -o memcheck.out $(LIBS)
+	@./memcheck.out
+	@echo "Memory check passed"
+
+.PHONY: clean
+clean:
+	rm -rf *.o *.out *.out.dSYM
+
+tests.out: test/*.c src/*.c src/*.h
+	@echo Compiling $@
+	@$(CC) $(CFLAGS) src/*.c test/vendor/unity.c test/*.c -o tests.out $(LIBS)

c/grade-school/src/grade_school.c

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+#include "grade_school.h"
+#include <string.h>
+#include <stdio.h>
+
+#define STD(i) roster.students[i]
+#define NAME(i) roster.students[i].name
+#define GRADE(i) roster.students[i].grade
+
+static roster_t roster;
+
+void clear_roster()
+{
+    roster.count=0;
+}
+
+/* testing program expects bool here, but I prefer to return students count,
+ * it makes more sense for me.
+ */
+int add_student(char *s, uint8_t g)
+{
+    int c=roster.count;
+    int i;
+
+    if (c >= MAX_STUDENTS)
+        return 0;
+    // find correct place to insert name
+    for (i=0; i<c && (GRADE(i)<g || (GRADE(i)==g && strcmp(s, NAME(i))>0)); ++i)
+        ;
+    for (int j=c-1; j>=i; --j)                    /* move rest to right */
+        STD(j+1)=STD(j);
+    NAME(i)=s;                                    /* insert new name */
+    GRADE(i)=g;
+
+    return ++roster.count;
+}
+
+/* to avoid this everytime, we could build up one roster per grade while
+ * adding students, but really overkill here.
+ */
+roster_t get_grade(uint8_t g)
+{
+    static roster_t r;
+    unsigned i, j=0;
+
+    for (i=0; i<roster.count && GRADE(i)<=g; ++i) {
+        if (GRADE(i)==g)
+            r.students[j++]=STD(i);
+    }
+    r.count=j;
+
+    return r;
+}
+
+roster_t get_roster()
+{
+    return roster;
+}
+
+
+/* See GNUmakefile below for explanation
+ * https://github.com/braoult/exercism/blob/master/c/templates/GNUmakefile
+ */
+#ifdef UNIT_TEST
+static void print_roster()
+{
+    unsigned i;
+    printf("======== roster size: %lu\n", roster.count);
+    for (i=0; i<roster.count; ++i)
+        printf("roster(%02d): [%d]%s\n", i, GRADE(i), NAME(i));
+    printf("\n");
+}
+
+int main(int ac, char **av)
+{
+    int arg=1;
+    uint8_t i;
+
+    for (; arg<ac-1; ++arg, ++arg) {
+        i=atoi(av[arg]);
+        add_student(av[arg+1], i);
+    }
+    print_roster();
+}
+#endif

c/grade-school/src/grade_school.h

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+#ifndef GRADE_SCHOOL_H
+#define GRADE_SCHOOL_H
+
+#include <stddef.h>
+#include <stdint.h>
+//#include <stdbool.h>
+
+#define MAX_NAME_LENGTH 20
+#define MAX_STUDENTS    20
+
+typedef struct student_s {
+    uint8_t grade;
+    char *name;
+} student_t;
+
+typedef struct {
+    size_t count;
+    student_t students[MAX_STUDENTS];
+} roster_t;
+
+void clear_roster();
+int add_student(char *, uint8_t);
+roster_t get_grade(uint8_t);
+roster_t get_roster();
+
+/* See GNUmakefile below for explanation
+ * https://github.com/braoult/exercism/blob/master/c/templates/GNUmakefile
+ */
+#if defined UNIT_TEST || defined DEBUG
+#include <stdio.h>
+#include <stdlib.h>
+#endif
+#ifdef  TESTALL
+#undef  TEST_IGNORE
+#define TEST_IGNORE() {}
+#endif
+
+#endif