10 KiB
- Alternative settings for g910-gkeys
Alternative settings for g910-gkeys
Important : This document is for Xorg only (not Wayland).*
This document will explain how to setup g910-gkeys by limiting as much as possible the usage of a global config, the idea being to setup global mapping in a static manner, and let the user set the actions in his/her own environment.
Preamble
g910-gkeys allows different actions : typeout, shortcut and run. There are some drawbacks with that :
- All of these actions will be performed on the process environment, that is
root. - These actions are global.
- The actions (especially
run) will be performed even when the user is not logged-on. - It is impossible to use the G-keys as normal keys (for example different actions with different modifiers, for example
Shift-G1orControl-Meta-G1).
g910-gkeys configuration file (/etc/g910-gkeys/config.json)
The configuration chosen will be basic: assign each G-key to a key which does not exist on physical keyboard. Any key could be used, like specific localized keys which do not exist on your keyboard (example: Japanese keys for an English keyboard), or function keys above F12.
We will choose to map them to Function keys F13 to F21.
My g910-gkeys is :
{
"__comment": "I was sometimes unable to use F20, even xev did not show the keycode (It just muted/unmuted sound, same as the G910's <mute> button). If it is the case for you, just skip F20 and use F22 instead.",
"keyboard_mapping": "en",
"g1": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F13"
},
"g2": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F14"
},
"g3": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F15"
},
"g4": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F16"
},
"g5": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F17"
},
"g6": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F18"
},
"g7": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F19"
},
"g8": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F20"
},
"g9": {
"hotkey_type": "shortcut",
"do": "F21"
}
}X11 keyboard mapping
Note: Below, I configure F22 (which looks un-necessary), because I had trouble with F20 at some point, and used F22 as fallback.
By default, the F13-F22 keys may be mapped to some defaults. For example, F13 could return XF86Tools.
This is not what we want: Instead we want F13-F22 to return themselves.
It could be possible to keep the default mappings, but it makes less sense, and it would probably clash with the keyboard Media keys.
You can check if this mapping is done on your system with the command xmodmap -pke | grep -E 'keycode (19[1-9]|200)' :
$ xmodmap -pke | grep -E 'keycode (19[1-9]|200)'
keycode 191 = F13 F13 F13 F13 F13 F13 F13
keycode 192 = F14 F14 F14 F14 F14 F14 F14
keycode 193 = F15 F15 F15 F15 F15 F15 F15
keycode 194 = F16 F16 F16 F16 F16 F16 F16
...
keycode 200 = F22 F22 F22 F22 F22 F22 F22$ xmodmap -pke | grep -E 'keycode (19[1-9]|200)'
keycode 191 = XF86Tools NoSymbol XF86Tools
keycode 192 = XF86Launch5 NoSymbol XF86Launch5
keycode 193 = XF86Launch6 NoSymbol XF86Launch6
...
keycode 200 = XF86TouchpadOn NoSymbol XF86TouchpadOnIf your configuration is incorrect, you can choose one of the two solutions below (I prefer the first one) :
Solution 1: Fix F-keys mapping globally
You will need to find out where the mapping F-key -> Different key is done. On my system, it was in /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/inet.
To find where the mapping is done on your system, you may run : setxkbmap -print -verbose 10) :
$ setxkbmap -print -verbose 10
Setting verbose level to 10
locale is C
Trying to load rules file ./rules/evdev...
Trying to load rules file /usr/share/X11/xkb/rules/evdev...
Success.
Applied rules from evdev:
rules: evdev
model: pc105
layout: us
variant: altgr-intl
options: compose:ralt,grp:ctrls_toggle,lv3:ralt_switch,terminate:ctrl_alt_bksp
Trying to build keymap using the following components:
keycodes: evdev+aliases(qwerty)
types: complete
compat: complete
symbols: pc+us(altgr-intl)+inet(evdev)+group(ctrls_toggle)+level3(ralt_switch)+compose(ralt)+terminate(ctrl_alt_bksp)
geometry: pc(pc105)
xkb_keymap {
xkb_keycodes { include "evdev+aliases(qwerty)" };
xkb_types { include "complete" };
xkb_compat { include "complete" };
xkb_symbols { include "pc+us(altgr-intl)+inet(evdev)+group(ctrls_toggle)+level3(ralt_switch)+compose(ralt)+terminate(ctrl_alt_bksp)" };
xkb_geometry { include "pc(pc105)" };
};
In my case, the faulty configuration was the inet(evdev) part on symbols line, meaning in the xkb_symbols "evdev" { section of /usr/share/X11/xkb/symbols/inet file. I had to remove the FK13-FK22 lines and add my own. For example, replacing the line :
key <FK13> { [ XF86Tools ] };With :
key <FK13> { [ F13, F13, F13, F13 ] };The full diff with my changes is :
$ diff -u0 inet.brsav.2022.11.13 inet
--- inet.brsav.2022.11.13 2022-02-08 18:13:55.000000000 +0100
+++ inet 2022-11-13 13:09:29.910184100 +0100
@@ -115,5 +114,0 @@
- key <FK21> { [ XF86TouchpadToggle ] };
- key <FK22> { [ XF86TouchpadOn ] };
- key <FK23> { [ XF86TouchpadOff ] };
-
- key <FK20> { [ XF86AudioMicMute ] };
@@ -204,6 +199,10 @@
- key <FK13> { [ XF86Tools ] };
- key <FK14> { [ XF86Launch5 ] };
- key <FK15> { [ XF86Launch6 ] };
- key <FK16> { [ XF86Launch7 ] };
- key <FK17> { [ XF86Launch8 ] };
- key <FK18> { [ XF86Launch9 ] };
+ key <FK13> { [ F13, F13, F13, F13 ] };
+ key <FK14> { [ F14, F14, F14, F14 ] };
+ key <FK15> { [ F15, F15, F15, F15 ] };
+ key <FK16> { [ F16, F16, F16, F16 ] };
+ key <FK17> { [ F17, F17, F17, F17 ] };
+ key <FK18> { [ F18, F18, F18, F18 ] };
+ key <FK19> { [ F19, F19, F19, F19 ] };
+ key <FK20> { [ F20, F20, F20, F20 ] };
+ key <FK21> { [ F21, F21, F21, F21 ] };
+ key <FK22> { [ F22, F22, F22, F22 ] };Solution 2: Fix F-keys mapping with .Xmodmaprc
If you prefer not to touch system-wide files, you can add in your /.Xmodmap :
!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Logitech G910 keyboard
! Note:
! F11-F20 have synonyms L1-L10
! F21-F35 have synonyms R1-R15
! See: /usr/include/X11/keysymdef.h
!
! original F13, F14, etc... mapping on my system :
! F13 = keycode 191 = XF86Tools NoSymbol XF86Tools
! F14 = keycode 192 = XF86Launch5 NoSymbol XF86Launch5
! F15 = keycode 193 = XF86Launch6 NoSymbol XF86Launch6
! F16 = keycode 194 = XF86Launch7 NoSymbol XF86kLaunch7
! F17 = keycode 195 = XF86Launch8 NoSymbol XF86Launch8
! F18 = keycode 196 = XF86Launch9 NoSymbol XF86Launch9
! F19 = keycode 197 = (nothing)
! F20 = keycode 198 = XF86AudioMicMute NoSymbol XF86AudioMicMute
! F21 = keycode 199 = XF86TouchpadToggle NoSymbol XF86TouchpadToggle
! F22 = keycode 200 = XF86TouchpadOn NoSymbol XF86TouchpadOn
! we map the Gkeys (G1-G9), to F13-F21,
! G1
keycode 191 = F13 F13 F13 F13 F13 F13
! G2
keycode 192 = F14 F14 F14 F14 F14 F14
! G3
keycode 193 = F15 F15 F15 F15 F15 F15
! G4
keycode 194 = F16 F16 F16 F16 F16 F16
! G5
keycode 195 = F17 F17 F17 F17 F17 F17
! G6
keycode 196 = F18 F18 F18 F18 F18 F18
! G7
keycode 197 = F19 F19 F19 F19 F19 F19
! G8
keycode 198 = F20 F20 F20 F20 F20 F20
! G9
keycode 199 = F21 F21 F21 F21 F21 F21User configuration
Note: Configuration below will make the G-keys active only when user is logged-on, as any other key.
We will assign the F-keys we defined in config.json to run any program (this includes graphical programs), or to send a string/command output to active window.
Below are some examples (screenshots from Xubuntu 22.10). We will define the following actions :
G1: Activate the Emacs main window (whose title is always "GNU Emacs").Shift-G1: Launch Gnome Terminal.G2(including with modifiers): Sendstringsorcommands outputto active window.G5: Assigned toHypermodifier:G5+awill beHyper-a, asControl+aisControl-a.G6: Will move the cursor to top-left corner.
All settings below (except for G5) are configurable in Settings/keyboard, Application Shortcuts tab, or, for pasting text, via autokey :
G1: Activate the Emacs main window
In Application Shortcut section, click on Add, then set command to wmctrl -F -a "GNU Emacs", click OK, then press G1 when asked.
Shift-G1: Launch Gnome Terminal
In Application Shortcut section, click on Add, then set command to gnome-terminal, click OK, then press Shift-G1 when asked.
G2: Send different strings to active window
We can send static/dynamic strings to active window, using autokey (on Ubuntu 22.10, autokey is provided by autokey-gtk or autokey-qt packages).
Note that you can use any combination of modifiers (for example Shift+Meta+G2).
Example 1: Insert Japanese "山" with Shift-Control-G2 :
Example 2: Insert current date to active window with G2 :
G5: Assign to Hyper modifier
In $HOME/.Xmodmap, add the following lines :
! G5 becomes Hyper_L
keycode 195 = Hyper_L NoSymbol Hyper_L
clear mod3
add mod3 = Hyper_LG6: Move mouse cursor to top-left corner
In Application Shortcut section, click on Add, then set command to xvkbd -text '\x0\y0' (or xdotool mousemove 0 0), click OK, then press G6 when asked.
NOTE: wayland equivalent to : wtype