add base.sh
This commit is contained in:
@@ -1,8 +1,11 @@
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### Some GNU/Linux tools, for fun...
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### Some personal GNU/Linux tools.
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#### bash
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- **trans.sh**: a [linguee.com](https://linguee.com) based command-line translator.
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- **sync.sh**: a rsync/ssh backup tool.
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- **sync-view.sh**: view ~sync.sh~ file backups versions.
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- **sync-conf-example.sh**: configuration example.
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- **dup-live-disk.sh**: duplicate (**possibly live**) disk partitions.
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- **gen-password.sh**: a password generator.
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- **base.sh**: bases 2/8/10/16 conversions.
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@@ -1,11 +1,10 @@
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### Some GNU/Linux tools, for fun...
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#### bash
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### Some bash scripts, that I needed at some time...
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- [**trans.sh**](trans.sh): a [linguee.com](https://linguee.com) based command-line translator.
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- [**sync.sh**](sync.sh): a rsync/ssh backup tool.
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- [**sync-conf-example.sh**](share/sync/sync-conf-example.sh): configuration example.
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- [**sync-view.sh**](sync-view.sh): view `sync.sh` file backups versions.
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- [**dup-live-disk.sh**](dup-live-disk.sh): duplicate (possibly live) disk partitions.
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- [**gen-password.sh**](gen-password.sh): a password generator
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- [**share/gen-password**](share/gen-password): [diceware](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diceware)-like word lists.
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- [**base**](base.sh): bases 2/8/10/16 conversions.
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283
bash/base.sh
Executable file
283
bash/base.sh
Executable file
@@ -0,0 +1,283 @@
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#!/usr/bin/env bash
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#
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# base.sh - convert decimal numbers from/to base 2, 8, 10 and 16.
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#
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# (C) Bruno Raoult ("br"), 2024
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# Licensed under the GNU General Public License v3.0 or later.
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# Some rights reserved. See COPYING.
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#
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# You should have received a copy of the GNU General Public License along with this
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# program. If not, see <https://www.gnu.org/licenses/gpl-3.0-standalone.html>.
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#
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# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-3.0-or-later <https://spdx.org/licenses/GPL-3.0-or-later.html>
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#
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CMDNAME=${0##*/} # script name
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usage() {
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printf "usage: %s [OPTIONS] [NUMBER]...\n" "$CMDNAME"
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printf "Use '%s -h' for more help\n" "$CMDNAME"
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}
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help() {
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cat << _EOF
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usage: $CMDNAME [OPTIONS] [NUMBER]...
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-f, --from=BASE input base. Default is "g"
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-t, --to=BASE output base. Default is "a"
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-2, -8, -d, -x equivalent to -t2, -t8, -t10, -t16"
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-g, --group=[SEP] group output (see OUTPUT below)
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-0, --padding Not implemented. 0-pad output on block boundary (implies -g)
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-n, --noprefix Remove base prefixes in output
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-h, --help this help
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$CMDNAME output the NUMBERS arguments in different bases. If no NUMBER is
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given, standard input will be used.
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BASE
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2, b, B binary
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8, o, O, 0 octal
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10, d, D decimal
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16, h, H, 0x hexadecimal
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a, g all/any: Default, guess format for '-f', output all
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bases for '-t'
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INPUT NUMBER
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If input base is not specified, some prefixes are supported.
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'b' or '2/' for binary, '0', 'o' or '8/' for octal, '0x', 'x' or
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'16/' for hexadecimal, and 'd' or '10/' for decimal.
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If no prefix, decimal is assumed.
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OUTPUT
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By default, output is the input number converted in the 4 supported
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bases (16, 10, 8, 2, in this order, separated by one tab character.
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Without '-n' option, all output numbers but decimal will be prefixed:
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'2#' for binary, '0' for octal, '0x' for hexadecimal, making them
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usable for input in some otilities such as bash(1).]
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With '-g' option, number digits will be grouped by 3 (octal,
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decimal), or 4 (binary, hexadecimal)\n. If no SEP character is given,
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the separator will be ',' (comma) for decimal, space otherwise.
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This option may be useless if default output, with multiple numbers
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on one line.
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The '-0' option will left pad with '0' (zeros) to a group boundary.
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EXAMPLES
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$ $CMDNAME 123456
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2#11110001001000000 0361100 123456 0x1e240
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$ $CMDNAME -n 123456
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11110001001000000 361100 123456 1e240
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$ $CMDNAME -ng2 012345
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1 0100 1110 0101
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$ $CMDNAME -n2 012345
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1 0100 1110 0101
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_EOF
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}
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# some default values (blocks separator padchar)
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declare -i ibase=0 obase=0 padding=0 noprefix=0 ogroup=0
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declare -rA _bases=(
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[2]=2 [b]=2 [B]=2
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[8]=8 [o]=8 [O]=8 [0]=8
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[10]=10 [d]=10 [D]=10
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[16]=16 [h]=16 [H]=16 [0x]=16
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[a]=-1 [g]=-1
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)
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declare -A _pad=(
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[2]=" " [8]=" " [10]="," [16]=" "
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)
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declare -rA _ogroup=(
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[2]=4 [8]=3 [10]=3 [16]=4
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)
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declare -rA _oprefix=(
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[2]="2#" [8]="0" [10]="" [16]="0x"
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)
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zero_pad() {
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local base="$1" str="$2"
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local str="$1"
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local -i n=${_ogroup[$base]}
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#printf "str=$str #=${#str}" >&2
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while (( ${#str} < $2 )); do
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str="0$str"
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done
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printf "%s" "$str"
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}
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split() {
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local base="$1" str="$2"
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local res="$str" sep=${_pad[$base]}
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local -i n=${_ogroup[$base]}
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if (( ogroup )); then
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res=""
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while (( ${#str} )); do
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if (( ${#str} < n )); then
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str=$(zero_pad "$str" $n)
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fi
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res="${str: -$n}${res:+$sep$res}"
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str="${str:0:-$n}"
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done
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fi
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printf "%s" "$res"
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}
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bin() {
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local n bits=""
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for (( n = $1 ; n > 0 ; n >>= 1 )); do
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bits=$((n&1))$bits
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done
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printf "%s\n" "${bits-0}"
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}
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hex() {
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printf "%lx" "$1"
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}
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dec() {
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printf "%lu" "$1"
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}
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oct() {
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printf "%lo" "$1"
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}
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declare -a args=()
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parse_opts() {
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# short and long options
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local sopts="f:t:28dxg::pnh"
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local lopts="from:,to:,group::,padding,noprefix,help"
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# set by options
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local tmp=""
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if ! tmp=$(getopt -o "$sopts" -l "$lopts" -n "$CMDNAME" -- "$@"); then
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usage
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exit 1
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fi
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eval set -- "$tmp"
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while true; do
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case "$1" in
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"-f"|"--from")
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ibase=${_bases[$2]}
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if (( ! ibase )); then
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usage
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exit 1
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fi
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shift
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;;
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"-t"|"--to")
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obase=${_bases[$2]}
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if (( ! obase )); then
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usage
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exit 1
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fi
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shift
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;;
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"-2") obase=2 ;;
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"-8") obase=8 ;;
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"-d") obase=10 ;;
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"-x") obase=16 ;;
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"-g"|"--group")
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ogroup=1
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if [[ -n "$2" ]]; then
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for i in 2 8 10 16; do _pad["$i"]="$2"; done
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fi
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shift
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;;
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"-p"|"--padding") padding=1 ;;
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"-n"|"--noprefix") noprefix=1 ;;
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"-h"|"--help") help ; exit 0 ;;
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"--") shift; break ;;
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*) usage; echo "Internal error [$1]!" >&2; exit 1 ;;
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esac
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shift
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done
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# parse remaining arguments
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if (($# > 0)); then # type
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args=("$@")
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fi
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}
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# shellcheck disable=SC2317
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addprefix() {
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local base="$1" number="$2"
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local prefix=""
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(( noprefix )) || prefix="${_oprefix[$base]}"
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printf "%s%s" "$prefix" "$number"
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}
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stripprefix() {
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local number="$1"
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number=${number#0x}
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number=${number#[bodx0]}
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number=${number#0}
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number=${number#*/}
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printf "%s" "$number"
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}
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guessbase() {
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local input="$1"
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local -i base=0
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if [[ $input =~ ^b || $input =~ ^2/ ]]; then
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base=2
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elif [[ $input =~ ^0x || $input =~ ^x || $input =~ ^16/ ]]; then
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base=16
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elif [[ $input =~ ^0 || $input =~ ^o || $input =~ ^8/ ]]; then
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base=8
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elif [[ $input =~ ^d || $input =~ ^10/ ]]; then
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base=10
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fi
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return $(( base ? base : 10 ))
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}
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doit() {
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local number="$2" multi="" val inum
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local -i base=$1 decval _obase=$obase
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if (( base <= 0 )); then
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guessbase "$number"
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base=$?
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fi
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inum=$(stripprefix "$number")
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(( decval = "$base#$inum" )) # input value in decimal
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# mask for desired output: 1=decimal, others are same as base
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if (( ! _obase )); then
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(( _obase = 1|2|8|16 ))
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multi=$'\t'
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fi
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if (( _obase & 16 )); then
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val=$(addprefix 16 "$(split 16 "$(hex $decval)")")
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printf "%s%s" "$val" "$multi"
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fi
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if (( _obase & 1 )); then
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val=$(addprefix 10 "$(split 10 "$(dec $decval)")")
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printf "%s%s" "$val" "$multi"
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fi
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if (( _obase & 8 )); then
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val=$(addprefix 8 "$(split 8 "$(oct $decval)")")
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printf "%s%s" "$val" "$multi"
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fi
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if (( _obase & 2 )); then
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val=$(addprefix 2 "$(split 2 "$(bin $decval)")")
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printf "%s%s" "$val" "$multi"
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fi
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printf "\n"
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}
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parse_opts "$@"
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if ! (( ${#args[@]} )); then
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while read -ra line; do
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for input in "${line[@]}"; do
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doit "ibase" "$input"
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done
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done
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else
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for input in "${args[@]}"; do
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doit "$ibase" "$input"
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done
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fi
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exit 0
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